The Dakota BT2-DL is a benchtop bolt tension tension monitor with advanced functions and capabilities.
The BT2-DL expands on Dakota's BT1-DL model with additional features such as the ability to measure fasteners with paint or coating applied.
It also includes up to 64GB of storage for screenshots, data logging, anaylsis and reporting.
The BT2-DL is versatile, dependable and incredibly accurate to 0.0001mm whether operating on the bench or in the field.
It's the perfect tool for a huge range of bolt tension monitoring applications throughout manufacturing, energy, construction, aerospace and transport industries.

Ultrasonic Bolt Tension Monitoring
The BT2-DL operates with a transducer that sends an ultrasonic pulse into one end of the bolt being tested.
This pulse reflects off the other side of the bolt and returns to the transducer, allowing the overall length of the bolt to be calculated from the time-of-flight (TOF) between initial pulse and return echo.
Using ultrasonics, the BT2-DL is not affected by the temperature, friction or resistance factors commonly encountered in standard torque measurement techniques.

Friction-Independent Measurement
The Dakota BT2-DL directly measures the elongation of the bolt, allowing for accurate tension assessment without the need to explicitly consider or address frictional effects.
This friction-independent measurement method simplifies the tensioning process and minimises the main source of tensioning error.

Automatic Temperature Compensation
Bolt tension is sensitive to temperature changes, which affect the thermal expansion and contraction of the components.
Unlike torque wrenches, the BT2-DL addresses this issue with automatic temperature compensation and an optional external temperature sensor.
This feature allows the BT2-DL to adjust the measured elongation to account for temperature fluctuations, ensuring accurate and consistent tension measurements across different operating conditions.

Traceability and Auditability
As part of Dakota's bolt tension systems, the BT2-DL offers a significantly higher level of traceability and auditability when compared to torque wrenches.
Dakota's systems often incorporate advanced data logging capabilities to record precise measurements, environmental conditions and other relevant parameters.
This detailed data can be used for traceability purposes, enabling the tracking of tension values over time and ensuring compliance with quality standards.
The data also enhances the auditability of the bolted connections, facilitating analysis, verification and validation of the tensioning process.

Measurement Modes, Increased Range and Enhanced Accuracy
With a choice of pulse-echo, echo-echo or echo-echo-verify modes, the versatile BT-2DL can measure bolts with or without paint or coating applied.
The BT2-DL is compatible with a huge range of bolt sizes from 15mm / 1/2 inch to 30.4m / 100 feet and features precision accuracy to within 0.0001mm / 0.00001 inch.

Internal / External Memory and Data Logging
The BT2-DL provides up to 64GB of combined internal and external memory for storing measurement data, allowing for convenient retrieval and analysis.
A USB connection and cable enable simple, secure data transfer.
PC ultility software displays and manages data, and enables custom file set-ups.

Rechargeable / Back-Up Power Options and Runtime
A rechargeable lithium-ion battery pack provides a runtime of 18 hours.
The BT2-DL will also operate on 6 x AA cells (alkaline, NiCad or Ni-MH) if emergency back up power is required.
For long-term or continuous use, the BT2-DL can also be line powered from an external source.

Environmental Specifications and Certifications
The rugged BT2-DL has a wide operating temperature range of -10 to +60°C / 14 to 140°F.
An IP65 rated dustproof and waterproof housing withstands use and abuse in extreme environments and heavy duty, industrial workplaces.
An extruded aluminum body with gasket-sealed nickel-plated aluminum end caps easily copes with everyday wear and tear.
The BT2-DL is also factory calibrated traceable to NIST and certified to military standard MIL-STD-45662A.

Physical Specifications
Compact and portable, the BT2-DL measures 216 x 165 x 70mm and weighs 2.04kg with batteries.

Features Include:

• Measurement options including elongation, time (nanoseconds), load, stress, %strain
• Pulse-echo (PE- standard), echo-echo (EE - through-coating) and echo-echo-verify (EEV triple echo - multiple through-coating comparisons) measurement modes
• Display options including rectified +/- (half wave view), RF (full waveform view), large digits and alarm limits bar
• Repeatability / stability indicator to confirm consistency of readings
• Pre-set or customised material types and material velocities
• Adjustable gates, gain, pulse width, pulser voltage, damping and digitizer values
• Automatic temperature compensation to counteract measurement irregularity caused by temperature changes
• Full colour, 5.7" QVGA TFT display with 60 Hz refresh rate
• 4GB internal plus 64GB external SD data storage memory
• Automated detection, scope and display setting process for each bolt
• Hi/lo alarm tolerance limits with visual and audible alerts plus output signals
  

Bolt Tension Monitoring FAQs

What is bolt tension?
Bolt tension refers to the force or stress applied to a bolt to secure two or more components together.
When a bolt is tightened, it elongates and creates tension within the bolt and the connected components.
This tension generates a clamping force, also known as the preload, which holds the components in place.
It helps to think of a bolt as a very stiff spring, that when stretched out acts to pull the two parts together.

What is ultrasonic bolt tension monitoring?
Ultrasonic bolt tension monitoring is a non-destructive testing technique used to measure the length/elongation of a bolt under tension.
A transducer sends an ultrasonic pulse into one end of the bolt being tested.
This pulse reflects off the other side of the bolt and returns to the transducer, allowing the overall length of the bolt to be calculated from the time-of-flight (TOF) between initial pulse and return echo.
From any elongation value measured, the operator can derive values for bolt tension, stress and strain.
Ultrasonic measurements also avoid the difficulties associated with accurately assessing the magnitude of frictional forces.

Why is bolt tension important?
An appropriate level of tension is crucial for ensuring the integrity and reliability of the bolted joint.
Sufficient tension is necessary to prevent the connection from loosening due to external forces, vibrations or thermal expansion/contraction.
However, bolts should not simply be driven to maximum torque every time.
Excessive tension can lead to bolt failure or damage to the components so in many sitiations, appropriate and accurate tension is critically important.

How do technicians ensure target tension?
Target tension is typically achieved by torqueing the bolt or applying a specified preload using a calibrated tensioning device.
The tension is often expressed as a percentage of the bolt’s yield strength or as a specific load value, with most applications aiming for 75-90% of the bolt’s yield strength - a point known as the "proof load".
The most common bolt tensioning device is the torque wrench, but simple wrenches, hydraulic drivers, load-sensing bolts and ultrasonic measurement devices are often used in combination to achieve the correct or target tension.

Are torque and tension equivalent?
No. One of the easiest ways to think about the relationship between torque and tension is in terms of applied force and resultant force.
Torque is the twisting force applied to the bolt or fastener.
Tension is the resultant force of this tightening procedure.
As a result of the frictional forces that act on the bolt’s surface, not all input torque is converted to resultant bolt tension.

What are the limitations of torque wrenches?
If reliably calibrated and of sufficiently high-quality, a torque wrench can provide a preload uncertainty of ±25%.
The main source of this inaccuracy comes from the difficulty of measuring the force of friction that opposes the bolt’s rotation.
Frictional forces are difficult to measure because many factors affect their magnitude.
The equation F =T/kD is often used to estimate how much torque is required to reach a specific preload figure.
F is the load, T is the torque, k is the ‘nut factor’ that encompasses the frictional resistance and D is the diameter of the bolt.
The value of k is often standardised as 0.2 but in reality it can vary greatly depending on the environment.